Alright Physics was a total failure since I was so distracted by other things while studying that I can't concentrate on Physics. It was relatively an easy paper I should say, but too bad for me lor, I dumb, didn't study enough. Oh wells.

& the reason why I didn't go church yesterday was plainly cause my parents left the house without me.

I went out with Jolene and Janice today, was awesome. I had Subway for lunch and KFC for dinner, super filling & feeling fat now. We spent our time window shopping before going for a movie - Closing The Ring. The theatre was FILLED with about 8 people!! How exciting uh?! The plot was rather confusing at first with 4 different scenes and 2 different years, but to the end it was touching. A very different romance plot as compared to the nowadays dumb love stories. I think the young gentleman called Jimmy is super cute and funny cause he is relatively dumb in some sense or naive. and I love the way he said FANTASTIC, damn cool. Most parts I was just trying to imitate their slang xD

I'm tired & bored/
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''A paper published this month by the Royal Society in London found that adolescents who start using cell phones before the age of 20 were five times more likely to develop brain cancer at the age of 29 than those who didn't use a cell phone.

"It's only on the side of the head where you use the cell phone," Carpenter said.''

taken from yahoo.


SO..... STOP USING CELL PHONES!! (:
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What's YOUR definition of the word 'weird'?
If you have a choice, what other word will you want to replace it with?

/bored.
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Energetics

Exothermic:
-Enthalpy of Products < Enthalpy of Reactants
-#H is negative
-Heat is being evolved into the surroundings
-A rise in temperature

Endothermic:
VICE VERSA!

Standard Enthalpy Change of Reaction
It is the energy change when molar quantities of reactants in the stated equation react together under standard conditions

>can be +ve or -ve
>Amount of reactants / products is halved, enthalpy also halved.

Standard Enthalpy Change of Formation
It is the energy change when one mole of compound is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions

>#Hf of an element = O

Standard Enthalpy Change of Combustion
It is the energy change when one mole of compound is completely burnt in oxygen under standard conditions

>#Hc = -ve
>Excess O2 needed to ensure complete combustion
>determined by use of bomb calorimeter

Standard Enthalpy Change of Neutralisation
It is the enthalpy change when one mole od water is formed during the neutralisation of an acid and an alkali under standard conditions

>-57kJ/mol = involving STRONG acids and alkalis which are completely dissociated in aq.
>values lesser than -57kJ/mol (eg. -55kJ/mol): weak acids and alkalis only dissociated partially thus part of enthalpy evolved is used to dissociate them completely before neutralisaton occurs.

Standard Enthalpy Change of Atomisation
It is the energy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from its element under standard conditions

>always +ve, endothermic, energy is needed to break al the bonds and seperate atoms

Standard Bond Dissociation Enthalpy, Bond Energy
It is the energy change to break one more of convalent bonds between 2 atoms in the gaseous states under standard conditions

>always +ve, endothermic
>reverse process of bond formation, -#Hf = +#Hdiss
>#Hatm = 1/2#Hdiss

First Ionisation Energy, 1st I.E
It is the energy change when one mole of electrons is being removed from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of singly-charged cations

>always +ve, endothermic, energy needed to break attraction btwn nuclues and valance e.

First Electron Affinity, 1st E.A
It is the energy change when one mole of electrons is being added to one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of singly-charged anions.

>1st E.A = negative, evolves energy since a bond is formed
>2nd and .... = positive,, energy needed to overcome repulsive force btwn incoming e and -vely charged ion

Standard lattice Enthalpy, L.E
it is the enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from its constituent gaseous ins at standard conditions

>always -ve, exothermic

Standard Enthalpy Change of Hydration
It is the enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous ions is surrounded by water molecules, forming a solution at infinite dilution under standard conditions

>ion-dipole interaction
>always -ve, exothermic
>small, highly charged ions undergo hydration MOST easily
>total #Hhyd of a salt = #Hhyd(cation) +#Hhyd(anion)

Standard Enthalpy Change of Solution
It is the enthalpy change when one mole of substance is dissolved by solvent (usually H2O) such that further dilution produces no more heat change under standard conditions.

>can be +ve, -ve
>compounds with small endothermic value will absorb energy from surroundings to dissolve --> register drop in temperature
>more exothermic the #Hsol, the more soluble

Heat lost by reaction = heat gained by solution
Q = mc#T
#H = (heat evolved or absorbed) / (amt of substance)

Specific heat capacity,c, is the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance of unit mass by 1K : kJ/kg/K

#Hrxn = sum of #Hc of R - sum of #Hc of P
#Hrxn = sum of #Hf of P - sum of #Hf of R
#Hrxn = sum of energies of bond BROKEN + sum of energies of bond FORMED

#Hsol = -L.E + #Hhyd

HESS' LAW
BORN HABER CYCLE

Entropy
S is a measure of the order of a system
-When a system is more disordered / more random, S increases, #S>0 (when the final state of system is of greater probability)
-#S = Sfinal - Sinitial (J/K/mol)

Change in volume of gases
In larger volume of space, there are more ways to arrange the gas particles in the system, hence S increases.

Change in phase
Sgas >> Sliquid > Ssolid
-During melting and boiling, there is an increase in disorder in the system since there're more ways to arrange the particles in system, hence S increases.
-During boiling, increase is S from liquid to gas phase is greater than increase S from solid to liquid because increase in volume from liquid to gas phase is greater than increase in volume from solid to liquid phase.

Change in no. of particles (esp gaseous system)
-Look at equation, if there is an increase in total no. of molecules (2mol--> 3mol), it will lead to increase in no. of ways to arrange the molecules in system, hence S increases.

Mixing of particles
-When a gas expands, particles will occupy entire container.
-When gases mix, each gas will expand to occupy entire container, this higher state of disorder, hence there are more ways to arrange the particles in system, hence S increaes.

Liquids
-Mixing od liquids with SIMILAR POLARITIES results in more ways to arrange the particles in system, hence S increases

Dissolving solids
-When an IONIC solid dissolves in a solvent (eg water), overall enthalpy change of system is contributed by entropy changed involved for interactions btwn solute and solvent particles.
-Entropy of dissolved ionic solid is usually higher than entropy of pur ionic solid as the ions experience a large increase n disorder as they break away from ionic lattice, hence increase in S.
-When formed ion-dipole interaction, water molecules become more ordered around ions, leading to decrease in disorder and hence decrease in entropy
-Overall entropy change depends on magnitudes of indiv entropy contributions

Change in Temperature
-temperature od system is proportional to energy possessed by particles in system (in quanta).
-total energy of system is not evenly distributed among particles
-higher temperature, more energy the system possesses which implies more ways to distribute the energy among particles, hence S increases.

Gibbs Free Energy Change, #G
-Under standard conditions, 298K, 101kPa
- #G = #H -T#S

-Free energy is the maximum useful work that can be produced by chemicaal reaction (with minimum heat produced)

-#G <0 : energetically feasible, reaction sponstaneous
-#G>0 : vice versa
-#G = 0: Equilibrium, no net change.
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I can fall off a building, I can fall out a tree, but baby, the best way to fall is in love with you.
The night is young, the moon is bright, and you are here with me tonight.
And tonight, I'm yours.

Good night world;
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Okay I don't know should I be happy though the truth is I'm not very happy. But I kinda read through Chemistry and did few questions on Math. Either now or after my sleep, I'll do Econs (got tuition tmr!)

But I'm definitely tired and exhausted.
I'm blessed to have these people cheering me on when I'm feeling depressed. Thank you!

Thanks to pei pei who gives me support and helping me in Math
Thanks to Buddy, Janice, Xinying who studied with me and we encouraged each other to move on
Thanks to Mervis who messaged me everyday for the past i think 2weeks to make sure I study
Thanks to B1 who is willing to take time out to teach me chemistry online, or just making sure I can understand those topics.
Thanks to Benjamin for taking time out to answer my questions on Chemistry / Economics or advicing me whenever I feel so demoralized.
Thanks to Twin and You Yu who taught me Math and cheered me on.
Thanks to Chipmunk and Renyi who taught me Math and Chemistry every now and then.
Thanks to Bernice who is willing to hear me rant and cheering me up too.
Thanks to everyone!
<3

I can't promise anything, but I will still study study for now!!!
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Chemical Equilibrium
-When a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the position of equilibrium will shift so as to minimise the stress.

Factors may affect the position of equilibrium, value of equlibrium constand and rate.

Factors

1. Concentration
When concentration of increases (by adding something), by Le Chatelier's Principle, the position equilibrium will shift to the right, to remove some added *something, thus producing more products until new equilibrium is attained. [equilibrium constant is not affected]

2. Pressure
When pressure increases (by decreasing volume / adding an unreactive gas), by Le Chatelier's Principle, it will favour the reaction that produces lesser amount of gas (forward/backward reaction), shifting towards that side (left/right). New equilibrium mixture will then contain more ________ and lesser __________. [equilibrium constant is not affected]

3. Temperature
When temperature increases, heat is added into the equilibrium mixture, by Le Chatelier's Principle, it will favour the endothermic reaction (backward/ forward reaction). Hence the position od equilibrium will shift left/right with an increase in concentration of __________. Equilibrium constant will decrease.

4. Catalyst
When added catalyst, it will increase the rate of forward and backward reaction.
No effect on position equilibrium (speeds up forward and backward reaction equally) and equilibrium constant.

Haber Process
450deg, 250atm, Finely divided iron catalyst with aluminium oxide as promoter

Temperature
With low temperature, by Le Chatelier's Principle, it will favour the exothermic reaction (forward reaction), hence the position of equilibrium will shift to the right with an increase in NH3. Thus increasing the amount of products. However rate of reaction is slow at low temperature, thus 450deg is the optimal temperature.

Pressure
With high pressure, by Le Chatelier's Principle, it will favour the foward reaction since total no of moles of products is less than reactions, thus shifting thr position of equilibrium to the right, having more NH3 and lesser N2 and H2. However too high a pressure is undesirable as stronger and more expensive pipes and vessels have to be used to withstand high pressure which increases cosr of production and maintainance

Catalyst
increase rate of reaction, equilibrium yield can be achieved in a shorter time.

Reaction kinetics

1.Concentration
When concentration increases, number of reacting paticles with energy greater than Ea increases, thus increase number of collision with correct geometry. Therefore rate of reaction increases. [gases aree measured by partial pressure]

2.Temperature
When temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the reactant molecules increases, thus more molecules will possess energy more than Ea, which increases collisions with energy more than Ea and thus increase frequency of activated collisions.
[Boltzmann Distribution Diagram]

3. Catalyst
When there is presence of catalyst, the reaction will have a different mechanism i.e one with a lower activated energy, thus more molecules will possess energy greater than / equal to the lowered Ea, which increases frequency of activated collisions.
[Boltzmann Distribution Diagram]

Rate of reaction is defined as the change in concentration of products / reactions with time.

For Elementary reaction: mA +nB --->pC
rate equation : k[A]^m[B]^n
k: rate constant, proportionality constant
m: order of reaction wrt A
n: order of reaction wrt B
m+n: overall order of reaction.

Zero Order: independent of concentration of A / Pseudo First Order Reaction...
First Order: constant half-life....
2nd Order:....

temperature increase, Ea decrease, lead to e^(Ea/RT) decreases, hence k increases.

Catalysis
A catalyst is a substance that increase the rate of reaction and remain chemically unchanged after the end of reaction.

-heterogenous catalysis
it is one that exists in a different phase from the reactants

Adsorption Theory:
-Molecules will diffuse towards the catalyst surface, thus being adsorbed on the neighbouring active sites on catalyst surfaces. The molecules are now closer to each other and hence have a higher collision frequency. The positions of the molecules allow them to have the correct collision geometry.
-Chemisorption of molecules occurs on the catalyst surface which weakens the bonds in adsorbed molecules, this Ea is lowered.
-The adsorbed H atoms are relatively free to move over the catalyst surface and when it meet an N atom, it will form NH3.
-Once NH3 is formed, it will desorb from catalysg surface to ensure active sites are availablr for further catalytic reation.

Homogenous Catalysis
it is one that exists in the same phase as the reactants

Biological Catalysts
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Past two days I've been studying in schools, was alright I should say. Yesterday I studied with Twin and You Yu, afterwhich we had math consultation with Ms Teng. Then at 6pm I headed down to Church for Dao Gao Hui. Before that Benjamin taught me alittle on Electrochemistry. Thanks alot!

During the worship, I suddenly felt I haven't been communicating with God for very long. I've been running away instead, living in fear and denial. Yesterday I'm glad I went for Dao Gao Hui, I had that chance to relook into my spiritual walk with God. I just pray Lord will provide me with a calm mind and wisdom to be able to go through this whole period which I know I will go crazy.
): ): ): ):

I just hope I don't get pranks during this period. I'm fine with jokes but not pranks please. The feeling is already horrible with me thinking how bad my promos can be, it's driving me nuts. So no games for now please. Just for now.

Back to Chemistry. I need to overcome my phobia for Chemistry! x/
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I wanna die already. Whole morning I manage to do so few questions, I just kept making careless mistakes! Then I just had 1 hour of nap when I slept for 8plus plus last night! This can't be it! So screwed! CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY! x/
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Sometimes i whine alot, complain alot. But nevertheless, I feel blessed too. Thanks Twin and You Yu for being so so so nice, willing to help me with my work just to make sure I'll pass and not feel so demoralized by what happened just now. I'm really really really grateful and touched. /:
Not forgetting Chipmunk and Ren Yi who taught me alot of things today too.

I shouldn't give up, I can't I can't, I can't disappoint these people who took time out to help me so much. But the feeling is still ever so strong ): I can't promise but I'll do my best.
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Yes, the study leave is finally here. But that made me feel even worse. Friends are telling me about promoting / retaining, or how stressed it can be. I thought I could handle it, since it has haunted me several times, but I was wrong. It seems I'm just a inch close to retaining, because somehow my strongest subject is also one of my weakest subject, how am I gonna promote? I'm scared, I really am. That horrible feeling ):

No I don't want to break down, no I can't, no I won't, I try my best. What can I do?!

): D: /: S: ]:

/yea, I'm getting it, I know where the line cuts. I'm sure I can stand alone.
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Yes I know I don't have much time left. Everyone either isolate themselves from school to mug from dawn to dusk / consulting teachers. I'm none from the abovermentioned when I'm way worse than anyone. Am I ready to even promote? Buck up Buck up!

It's interesting how teachers know things they normally don't. & it's stunning to hear it from them out of a sudden. Ms Teng is a good example and ha, it's funny I've got to admit.

I'm gonna be 'home alone' since I've got to stay at my cousin's house when my parents aren't in Singapore. Geez, can I not? I hope.

Let's just say I'm out of this game.
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You're just like an insect bite. It is so irritating yet never failed to catch my attention because of the itch. I try not to scratch but the thought always failed. I keep telling myself to stay away from you, yet I can never stop changing my attention to you. I want to get rid of you from my small little circle, yet I can't stop myself from pulling you back.

Eeks, the bites are there for days, itchy itchy ):

I can't push myself to do Econs, it sucks. Waste my time x(
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Project Runway Season 4: Christian Siriano!
So You Think You Can Dance Season 4: Twitch & Courtney! Katee and Joshua.

Christian is just a 21 years old young guy and yet his designs are really fierce*, and interesting! Lovely xD Twitch and Joshua didn't undergo any professional training yet they have entered the top 4 and Joshua won the overall!!

Man, they are really awesome people who fought so hard for what they want to achieve!
I wonder if I've such courage and time ): It's inspiring yet reality smashed those hopes. For a moment, I can't blame reality but myself, since I'm the one who didn't cherish the time I had. Nevertheless, no point whining I know I know....

Econs made me go even slower, cause it's all about copying a whole chuck which I feel it's meaningless and for the sake of marks, I'm killing trees.
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HORRIBLE HORRIBLE! I wasted a freaking day yesterday cause I was kinda sick ): I don't like it! & today well, I guess it's alright, but i'm still very slow very very slow. I wanna kill myself >/

Take it or Just leave. No big deal to you anyway.

;[2209]
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{Restrict & Control}
Not only for studies, but for alot of other things.
If I'm not disciplined, this will be a never ending routine.
I've heard people yawning till they tear,
but it's my first time sneezing till I tear and my throat feels horrible now ):
Urgh! Pain, Torture ):

First I want to chop my hands off cause of Econs.
Now I wanna burn my nose off, cause it's irritating and I'm tearing from those sneezing ):
What's more?
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I've been having extreme moods as usual, but the common thing between the both is, I'll just literally go crazy (x yesterday I was so stressed up because there's Chemistry test and got to hand up the 5 case studies and 5 essays. I did my econs from 1230pm to 9pm yesterday, and after I got home continue till 12am. CAN YOU BELIEVE IT?! It's total madness. I was so frustrated I wanna cry. Can you believe the mental struggle I've to go through and the pain of my poor fingers! (Okay, I guess everyone has gone through it, not like it's only me, alright) But I was really so sick of it. But something to be glad, I can really sit down to study if I want to actually (: It's too late I guess, 10 more days to death ):

Today started off with a sentence ''OMG I SLEPT for 4HOURS, IT'S SO SINFUL!'' That's how bad I'm feeling. Then B1 was trying to help me with Chemistry, but it wasn't of much help, I'm sorry, cause I was in such a horrible state (I was holding back since yesterday, as much as I could). Then I went for Chemistry test, I literally wanted to cry after that, I was in despair, I really felt so so so horrible, it's close to exploding. But I hold on further.

After that, school's relatively alright lor. After Physics, I went to play tennis for awhile, interesting xD Then head off to New York New York @ AMK Hub. Order Seafood Platter, Large Yankee Burger, Fish and Chips, Mudpie! OMG the Yankee burger was the bomb, it's bigger than your face I tell you! The size is stunning but for the taste, it's alright, I'll get alittle sick of it after few bites, oh and the price! it's 32bucks! Then the staff sang birthday song with the mudpie! COOOOL! AWESOOOOOME! but we get weird stares from people xD Had really a great time though I'm really really bloated. It felt like it's the end of promos, first time I felt so relieved and happily eating and enjoying my meal! & the total cost is 108bucks!

But I'm super duper broke now )x

HAPPY BIRTHDAY YU HUA!

THE OH SO LOVING.............. BUDDIES xD LOVELY! next round after promos (:
Oh Overdued photos
DOUBLE CRUMPLER ON YIHAN!

okay Yihan was being really nice to carry my crumpler from carpark to Dhoby Ghaut Mrt (: Thanks Bud!

the view outside my house, nice nice nice?!

YES YAY TO THE J FRIES! AND STNICKS BIG CHESS AREA (: LOVES! VICTORY (:

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Didn't do much either, doing math so so slowly ):
I shall nap and wake up later to do my Economics Essays and Case Studies!

Tomorrow's Target: Chemistry Revision on Chem Eqm, Electrode Potential, Electrolysis. (130pm-3pm)
Math Revision Package Selected Qns - Inqualities to Graphing. (9pm-1am)
Finish up Econs Holiday Hmwk. ( 330pm-6pm) (when I'm home-830pm)
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Yes, if you have realised, I've removed the Shoutbox, it's now the commenting system under '';say it again''.

Today is such a short short day, ended at 1230pm. PE was fun! We had netball practical assessment, and I managed to shoot in at least 3 times, I was over the moooon! However, blame the stepping, afew times I scored but it was not counted ): Jolene said because I'm a dancer, so I tend to take more steps than I should be or drag my feet. Interesting uh. After school I stayed till 5 plus to study, wasn't very productive cause I had a very very very bad headache! I took a 45minute nap and it's still there ): I wanted to knock my head against the wall and just die. On a lighter note, little Janice, being NICE and CHEEKY, she took a photo of me sleeping, with Wan Shu and Xinying as accomplices. I was alittle giddy and blur after I woke up. Adding on, I didn't put on my spectacles so yes when Eugene called me, I just turned and squint my eyes, yet I still don't know to smile or not since I can't really spot where is he. Sorry. Also, in the end I went to buy panadol from the bookshop!

Oh, I realised, the school is rather empty in the afternoon because the J2 will rush home after Prelims. It feels rather weird without the noise and seeing the canteen so empty.

I don't like doing Essays and Case Studies ): & I have phobia answering Chemistry Questions ):

Why make a fuss out of it. I know you are still doubting the trust you have for me. But seriously will you allow this distrust to outweigh the consequences I have to face next year? I mean not like I die die don't want to go, but why choose such a timing? But seriously, I would love to be home alone. Just that it'll be scary at night.

& thanks for the motivation. Sorry for whining about giving up yesterday.
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I'm feeling rather horrible now. It's a mixture of fear, anxiety, and sleepiness, yet I'm not at all motivated to study. I know people around me are trying to get me to study, and that's why the more I'm feeling guilty. I'm such a letdown! ):

I don't have the right to comment on other people when I'm not putting effort into my own revision. Others have been starting to mug so hard just to promote, yet when I'm already on the verge of retaining, I'm just whining and stoning and living in self denial.

WAKE UP ):
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Yes, I'm such a procrastinator. I hesitate when I'm just one step to study, I hesitate to wake up early in the morning, I even hesitate to blog when I already logged in (:

hope you like the flowers and the urm supposedly surprise (: love you loads.

MY EVER SO DEARLY LOVED TABLEMATE / FAIRY GODMOTHER!

3 years and still counting girl (: I'm ever so lucky to have you coming into my life. Even till now, we are still maintaining this close friendship. It's amazing the fact that we didn't had any major quarrel! It's been really lovely to have you around, laughing, playing, shopping, camwhoring, Ajisen-ing. Those memories that will stay by my side always. It's you who brought colours to my Secondary life, all the crap lame silly moments; picnic-ing during lessons, sleeping during Mr Gan's lesson and many more. What more can I say, PEI PEI, YOU ROCK! Thanks for being there to cheer me on, to be silly and dumb with me (x Just hope you will take care and continue to mug hard and we'll go shopping and play after promos! Love you girl (:

Ah, I'm lagging behind my schedule again. Gambatte! GO GO GO!

We said we go through this together, but for a moment why do I seem to be the one trying to work alittle harder & I don't see your effort? I know you will eventually reach there, but seeing what you're doing is a tinge disappointing. I'm sorry, I just felt why did I even bother to put effort in ______________, though I don't see much appreciation, but at least I thought it's worth trying and hoping it'll make a difference. Seems like I'm wrong. I'm sorry, I may be bias.

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